CSOs warn of shrinking democratic space ahead of 2026 Polls

By Hellen Bwalya 

A coalition of Zambian civil society organizations issued a joint statement today expressing deep concern over the erosion of freedom of expression and assembly as the country prepares for the August 2026 general elections.

The groups, including Caritas Zambia, Chapter One Foundation, and the LCK Freedom Foundation, argued that recent state actions against dissent undermine the constitutional pillars essential for a credible democratic process.

The organizations highlighted a worrying pattern of arrests targeting individuals for digital and political commentary.

Specifically, the statement cited the arrest of a citizen for using artificial intelligence to create an image of President Hakainde Hichilema in a coffin, as well as the detention of Socialist Party leader Fred M’membe following his remarks regarding the burial delays of the late Sixth President, Edgar Chagwa Lungu.

The CSOs warned that using criminal sanctions to stifle satire and political criticism sends a chilling message that may discourage journalists, activists, and opposition voices from participating in legitimate public discourse.

In their appeal for restraint, the groups called on the Zambian government and law enforcement to prioritize dialogue over punitive responses and urged state institutions like the judiciary and police to act impartially.

The Executive Director of the LCK Freedom Foundation, signing on behalf of the coalition, emphasized that preserving Zambia’s tradition of peaceful political transitions requires an environment free from fear and intimidation. The coalition reaffirmed its commitment to monitoring the electoral climate to ensure the 2026 polls are conducted in a transparent and democratic manner.

…below is the CSO’S Statement in full:

Press Statement Wednesday 11th March 2026 Joint Civil Society Statement on the Shrinking Democratic Space in Zambia ahead of the 2026 Elections

We, the undersigned civil society organisations, express our deep concern over the increasingly shrinking democratic space in Zambia, particularly with regard to the rights to freedom of expression, freedom of speech, and freedom of assembly. These rights are guaranteed under the Constitution of Zambia and are essential pillars of any democratic society. Their protection is especially critical as the country prepares for the August 2026 general elections.

In recent weeks, a series of incidents have raised serious concerns about the state of civil liberties in the country. Most notably, a citizen was reportedly arrested for using artificial intelligence to create an image depicting President Hakainde Hichilema in a coffin. In a separate development, Socialist Party opposition leader Fred M’membe was also arrested after expressing concern over the delay in the burial of the late Sixth President of the Republic of Zambia, Edgar Chagwa Lungu. These incidents highlight an emerging pattern in which individuals expressing opinions—whether through digital platforms, artistic expression, or political commentary—face arrest and possible prosecution.

While we recognise the importance of maintaining public order and protecting individuals from harmful or defamatory content, we are concerned that the use of criminal sanctions in response to expressions of opinion risks undermining fundamental freedoms. Democratic societies must allow space for satire, criticism, dissent, and robust public debate, particularly when such speech relates to public officials and matters of national importance.

The ability of citizens to freely discuss political developments, question leaders, and express dissatisfaction with governance is not only a constitutional right but also a vital mechanism for accountability. The arrest of individuals for speech-related activities sends a chilling message to the broader public and may discourage citizens, journalists, activists, and opposition voices from participating in legitimate democratic discourse.

As Zambia approaches the August 2026 elections, it is essential that the country fosters an environment characterised by openness, tolerance, and respect for divergent views. Elections conducted in an atmosphere of fear, intimidation, or restricted civic participation risk undermining public confidence in democratic institutions and processes. A healthy democracy requires that citizens feel safe to speak, organise, assemble peacefully, and participate in public debate without fear of arrest or reprisal.

We therefore call on the Government of Zambia and relevant law enforcement authorities to exercise restraint and ensure that actions taken in the name of maintaining order do not unnecessarily infringe upon constitutionally protected rights. Authorities should prioritise dialogue and democratic engagement rather than punitive responses to criticism or dissent.

We further urge political leaders across the spectrum to demonstrate tolerance toward opposing views and to actively promote a political culture that respects freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. Public officials, as custodians of democratic governance, carry a particular responsibility to uphold and protect these freedoms.

In addition, we call upon state institutions responsible for safeguarding democracy—including the judiciary, the police service, and electoral bodies—to act impartially and in accordance with the Constitution and international human rights standards to which Zambia is a party.

Civil society organisations remain committed to supporting democratic governance, human rights, and the rule of law in Zambia. We stand ready to work with government institutions, political actors, and other stakeholders to ensure that the 2026 elections take place in a peaceful, transparent, and democratic environment.

Ultimately, safeguarding democratic space is not only the responsibility of government but a

collective obligation shared by all stakeholders in our society. Zambia has long been recognised for its tradition of peaceful political transitions and democratic engagement. It is therefore vital that we preserve and strengthen these values as we approach a critical electoral period.

We urge all stakeholders to act in a manner that protects fundamental freedoms and ensures that every Zambian can freely express their views and participate in shaping the future of the nation.

Executive Director, LCK Freedom Foundation

Signed on behalf of the undersigned:

Caritas Zambia

Chapter One Foundation

LCK Freedom Foundation